Ovarian, Uterine, Cervical, Vaginal Histologies

1. Ovary
- primary follicle(unilaminar -> multilaminar) -> secondary follicle (early vesicular -> vesicular) -> mature (Graafian follicle) -> rupture -> corpus luteum -> corpus albicans

theca externa, theca interna, basement membrane, granulosa cells, cumulus oophorus, corona radiata, Call-exner bodies (small cavities, vacuoles between follicuar cells), zona pellucida, oocyte

after rupture
corpus luteum
capsule of corpus luteum formed from theca externa
- theca lutein cells(smaller, dark staining cytoplasm, secrete estrogen) formed from theca interna
- granulosa lutein cells (larger, paler cytoplasm, secrete progesterone) formed from granulosa cells

2. oviduct (coming from ovary) - infundibulum -> ampulla -> isthmus -> interstitial segment
papillary projecting (fimbrae) mucosa, simple columnar
three layers : mucosa(epithelium; lamina propria), muscularis(inner circular; outer longitudinal), serosa(simple squamous, mesothelium)
the simple columnar mucosa has ciliated and nonciliated (secretory) cells

3. uterus
endometrium(stratum functionalis; stratum basalis), myometrium (stratum submucosum; stratum vasculare; stratum supravasculare; stratum subserosum), perimetrium(serosa)

stratum functionalis has stratum compactum and stratum spongiosum
proliferative phase from 3rd day (menstruation) to 14th day
- stratum functionalis grows from stratum basalis
- high level estrogen
secretory phase from 20th to 28th
- stratum functionalis secretes and then sloughes off
- hypertrophic uterine glands filled with secretion
- high level progesterone
- edematous stroma

4. Cervix has endometrium(mucosa), myometrium and perimetrium
- about 3 cm in length, external os to internal os
- endometrium (endocervix) has simple columnar epithelium, lamina propria devoid of spiral arteries, presence of cervical glands; mucosal folds longitudinal and transverse called "plicae palmate"
- endocervix does not slough off during menstruation
- portio vaginalis - portion of cervix that projects to vagina, covered with nonkeratinized stratifed squamous epithelium, constitute exocervix marked with no gland presence
- around time of ovulation, mucus secretion is thin and watery which allows the passage of sperm to uterine cavity
- around luteal(secretory) phase and pregnancy the mucus secretion is viscuous, preventing entry of microorganism and sperm to uterine cavity

5. Vagina: mucosa, muscularis and adventitia
- mucosa: nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium, basal cells stain darkly, intermediate cells with glycogen accumulation stale pale
- lamina propria has numerous elastic fibers in addition to collagen fibers and fibroblasts and a vaginal plexus(plexus venosus vaginalis); lamina propria penetrates into epithelium, forming "papillae"
- adventitia has large blood vessels and adipose cells

6. labia minora with thin keratinized stratified squamous epithelium and lamina propria(core)
- no hair follicles or adipose cells but numerous large sebaceous glands


Time Spent: 3 hrs?